Change Order pricing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Change Order pricing - Case Study Example Some states, particularly Washington does not require the local government â€Å"to pay contractors for higher labor rates on change orders† (Sonntag 12). 5. If a composite labor rate, developed on the basis of the overall mix of work on the entire contract, was used in the original estimate, should the same composite rate be used in pricing the work associated with the change? Answer: Yes. Since the man hours are already extended because of the change, charging the same composite rate for the additional work to be done is justifiable to be applied. The paid longer working hours will already take care of the cost of the additional work needed. Answer: Yes. The contract between the contractor and the buyer has already been established long before the change so the workers assigned for the said job have committed their time to the length of the contract. Therefore, the workers are entitled to be paid throughout the whole time that the agreement is in effect regardless of any downtime as a result of the change as requested by the buyer. Answer: Yes. The contractor can charge the difference to the cost of change in order to recover the losses brought by the downtime. Since the workers are committed to the length of the contract between the contractor and the Air Force, any downtime as caused by the change will not affect the labor rate that they are entitled to receive. Answer: Yes. It is appropriate to apply a learning curve, or the â€Å"period of orientation to become familiar with changed condition† (â€Å"Change Order Protocol† 4) to work affected by the change because of the new skills that the workers imbibed through the change. 9. Is the contractor entitled to claim the costs associated with the affect of the change on the rate of improvement for the changed work for the units on which none of the changed work has been performed? Answer: Yes. Depending on the degree

Marine Cargo Surveyors Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marine Cargo Surveyors - Research Paper Example Marine surveyors have invented their personal businesses, desiring to offer their services to a number of clients and to make sure they embrace fair views in their job. In addition, they rejoice and enjoy professional independence. But others are permanent employees of the marine insurers and their clients, thus enabling the vital mediators in damage claims. As far as their training services are concerned, marine surveyors normally join the field through apprenticeship or they achieve a diploma from a technical institution or professional association in marine surveying (United States Congress, 1860). Reasons of maritime cargo surveyors According to Davies M & Force R (2005), Marine surveyors carry out hull and machinery surveys, evaluate the sale and purchase of the ship, check the general and weather conditions of before shipment and arrival of the vessel. Involve in certifying reports and progress of marine consultants, examine the classification surveys, and carry out the investi gation and surveys of loss and damages. Generally, marine surveyors’ participation therefore has to seek without relaxation once damage or loss is recognized. Additionally, the surveyor must take pleasure in uninterfered access to the interest matter of claim to ensure he may arrange every required consultant with independent professionals. Consequently, cargo surveyors are meant to perform the activities such as cargo surveys and quality inspection, sampling, damage cargo survey, inspection of agriculture products, draft surveys, investigation of contamination and shortage of bulk cargo, and supervising offloading and loading of containerized cargo. Workings of maritime cargo surveyors Marine cargo surveyors read the documents of the vessels that set forward securing procedures and cargo loading, initiate stability factors, and capacities to determine cargo capabilities according to cargo regulations and design as suggested by Nichols & Williams (2008). Marine surveyors chec k loaded, secured cargo in holds and tied to decks to determine that relevant cargo handling regulations have been surveyed. They measures depth of water and fuel in tanks as well as ship holds by using tape measure, reed drafts markings, and sounding line to determine the depth of the ship. Moreover, for surveyors to determine the volume of stored water and fuel, hold capacities, vessel stability factors and weight of the cargo, they calculate it by using calculator and mathematical standard methods. In addition to that, they examine cargoes of maritime vessels to verify compliance with international and national safety and health regulations in cargo storage and handling. Marine surveyors also issues certificates of conformity when infringements are recognized. Give crew advises in the techniques of packing heavy and dangerous cargo, like shoring, extra support beams, and extra stronger lashings, according to the skills of hazards when ferrying explosives, grain, heavy machinery a nd logs. Lastly, thy examine information achieved from survey, documents reports of research, and prepares recommendations relating to the capacity of the ship, marine surveyors help in coroners’ inquiries and attend court cases as a professional witness. Ultimately, they examine the devices of cargo handling like hoists, boom